# Pending UI

> 

Horn exposes pending state through two mechanisms.

## `loading.*`

`app/pages/**/loading.*` renders while a client-side navigation is pending.

- it does not render during the initial SSR request
- the nearest matched loading boundary wins
- layout loading keeps the layout shell and swaps the child subtree
- page loading swaps only the page node

Loading components receive:

- `routeId`
- `location`
- `previousLocation`
- `action`

## `useNavigation()`

Use `useNavigation()` when you need state outside a loading boundary.

```ts
const navigation = useNavigation()
```

It exposes:

- `state`
- `location`
- `previousLocation`
- `action`
- `isLoading`
- `isSubmitting`
- `isNavigating`